What do Luxembourg, UAE and Bahrain have in common?

Well, for starters, they are not big countries. The United Arab Emirates are roughly the size of Austria, with little less than 10 million inhabitants. Luxembourg and Bahrain are outright small. Luxembourg has the fewest inhabitants (614,000), Bahrain the smallest territory (780 km2). But it is not size that unites them, nor their fiscal regime. So what is it?

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